EMII European Standards Survey - Information Management Standards

European Standards Survey

Information Management Standards - France

3. Information Management Standards

Contents
	3.1	Content and Resource Description Standards - Terminology and Vocabulary Standards: Term Lists, Classification Systems, Thesauri Content and Structure Description Standards Data Content Metadata Biblographic Description Archive Description
	3.2	Technological Standards & Protocols Data Presentation and Encoding Image Format Searching Distributed Databases Protection of Intellectual Property

3.1 Content and Resource Description Standards

3.1.1 Terminology and Vocabulary Standards
This section is concerned with standards providing lists of terms, either in alphabetical listings (e.g. term lists), or structures (e.g. classification systems or thesauri) which can be used to describe and provide access to cultural heritage

Overall Comments:

DMF has three national databases : Archeological database, Ethnological database and Fine Arts and Decorative Arts database (Joconde). The following answers concern the three national databases, but the Fine Arts and Decorative Arts database (Joconde) was created in 1979, the two other appear in 2000. Naturaly, some museums had local Archeological database, Ethnological database but the terminalogy survey was local. Now, the DMF is carrying out a national terminalogy survey for each database. The Ministry of Culture and Communication published several books about Classification Systems used in part by the DMF for the terminology survey.

3.1.1.1 Term Lists
'Controlled indexing vocabularies, usually organised alphabetically with no relationships expressed between terms.' 'Guide to Cataloguing Using the Collections Information System', Victoria & Albert Museum, 1998

i. Overall Comments [term lists]:

[none]

Term List Details
Name:
Le Mobilier Domestique principes d'analyse scientifique / FRANCE. Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication. Inventaire général des monuments et des richesses artistiques de la France. - Paris : impr. Nationale, 1987. - 1225 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. - (T.II). - ISBN 2-11-080918-3
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
[to be confirmed]
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Estimated )
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Estimated )
Usage by Significant Collections:
This term list is use in our terminology survey for a part, it is a reference to choose new terms.

Term List Details
Name:
L'Art du métal: vocabulaire technique Catherine Arminjon et Michle Bilimoff, Paris : Editions du patrimoine, 1998, 365 p., (Principes d'analyse scientifique), ISBN 2-85822-236-3
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
[?]
Number of Museums:
[?] (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
(figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This term list is not use in our terminology survey, but it can be a reference to choose new terms

Term List Details
Name:
Objets civils domestiques : principes d'analyse scientifique: vocabulaire Nicole Blondel, André Chastel et Francis Salet. - Paris : Imprimerie nationale, 1984, 632 p. - ISBN 2-11-080812-8
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This term list is use in our terminology survey for a part, it is a reference to choose new terms

Term List Details
Name:
Architecture / vocabulaire Jean-Marie Prouse de Montclos, Ministère de la culture, de la communication , des grands travaux et du bicentenaire. - Imprimerie nationale, 1988. - 622 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. - (Principes d'analyse scientifique)
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
[?]

Term List Details
Name:
Le Vitrail : vocabulaire typologique et technique Nicole Blondel. - Paris : Inventaire général, 1993, 439 p. - ISBN 2-11-081294-X
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
[?]

Term List Details
Name:
Tapisserie : méthode et vocabulaire Nicole Viallet - Paris, Imprimerie nationale 1971
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
[?]

Term List Details
Name:
Unpublished list of French museums
Type:
De facto
Number of Terms:
1,200
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This term list is use in our terminology survey

Term List Details
Name:
In-house developed list: Author
Type:
De facto
Number of Terms:
15,00000
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This term list is use in our terminology survey

Term List Details
Name:
In-house developed list: Denomination
Type:
De facto
Number of Terms:
1,800
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This term list is use in our terminology survey

Submission Details

i. Submitted by:	Jeannette Ivain
ii. Job title:	responsable de la base Joconde (base Beaux-arts)
iii. Organisation:	Direction des musées de France, Bureau informatique et recherche
iv. E-mail:	jeannette.ivain@culture.gouv.fr
v. Date Submitted:	25/03/2000

3.1.1.2 Classification Systems
'The aim of Classification is to make relationships between objects, etc via their context.' 'Social History and Industrial Classification [SHIC]', 2nd Edition, mda, 1993

i. Comments [classification systems]:

None - see Overall Comments above at 3.1.1

Classification Details
Name:
Systéme descriptif des antiquits classiques Laurence Villard, Paris: Editions de la Réunion des muses nationaux, 1984, 111 p., ISBN 2-7118-0248-5
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
Used by some archeological museums

Classification Details
Name:
Systéme descriptif des objets domestiques français M. De Virville. - Paris : Musée national des arts et traditions populaires, RMN, 1977, 291 p. - ISBN 2-7118-0063-6
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
Used by some ethnological museums.

Classification Details
Name:
Systéme descriptif du costume traditionnel français : typologie du vêtement et du couvre-chef, matires, morphologie, décor, aspects culturels Marie-Thérése Duflots-Priot. - Paris : Musée national des arts et traditions populaires, RMN, 1988, 164 p. - ISBN 2-7118-2164-1
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
Used by some ethnological museums.

Classification Details
Name:
Systéme descriptif des objets mobiliers Aline Magnien, Catherine Arminjon, Documents et méthodes n6 - Editions du Patrimoine, 1999. - 372 p.
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This term list is not use in our terminology survey, but it can be a reference to choose new terms

Classification Details
Name:
Objets religieux : méthode d'analyse et vocabulaire = Religious objects: user's guide and terminology. Paris : Editions de la Runion des musées nationaux, 1994, 143 p. - ISBN 2-7118-3101-9 Rédition 2000 : Thesaurus multilingue des objets religieux catholiques / Jol Perrin, Héléne Verdier - Paris, Imprimerie nationale, 2000
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This term list is not use in our terminology survey, but it can be a reference to choose new terms.

Classification Details
Name:
La Sculpture : principes d'analyse scientifique : méthode et vocabulaire Marie-Thérése Baudry, Dominique Bozo, André Chastel et Jacques Thirion. - Paris : Imprimerie nationale, 1990, 765 p. - ISBN 2-11-080816-0
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This classification is use in the terminology survey, however there are no overal figures for usage.

3.1.1.3 Thesauri
'Controlled indexing vocabularies that provide preferred ways of referring to concepts, linking terms whose meanings are related, bringing together synonyms and noting other relationships between terms.' Art & Architecture Thesaurus, Getty Standards Program

i. Comments [thesauri:]

None - see Overall Comments above at 3.1.1

Thesaurus Details
Name:
Thesaurus iconographique : systme descriptif des reprsentations François Garnier. - Paris : Le Lopard d'Or, 1984, 239 p. - ISBN 2-86377-032-2
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This thesaurus is used extensively in French museums for describing pictures and sculptures

Thesaurus Details
Name:
Ethnophoto : Thesaurus pour l'analyse de la photographie ethnographique du domaine français Philippe Richard, Brigitte Lozza - Paris : Editions de la maison des sciences de l'homme, 1997. - 317 p. : ill. - ISBN 2-7351-0754-X
Type:
De jure
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
[?]

Thesaurus Details
Name:
Techniques and Materials - in-house
Type:
De facto
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This thesaurus is use in the terminology survey.

Thesaurus Details
Name:
Period - in-house
Type:
De facto
Number of Terms:
0
Number of Museums:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Number of Objects Covered:
0 (figures are: Actual)
Usage by Significant Collections
This thesaurus is use in the terminology survey.

3.2 Technological Standards and Protocols

3.1.2 Content and Structure Description (Metadata) Standards
'Content and structure description standards (also known as metadata standards, where metadata is understood to mean 'information about information') define and describe means of identifying and organising data content. Metadata describing a document can be: Included in the document itself Held in a separate document Transferred accompanying the document (e.g. as part of protocol headers).'
European Commission Memorandum of Understanding: Multi-media access to Europe's Cultural Heritage, final report of Working Group 1: Standards and Protocols for Interoperability of Systems.

3.1.2.1 Data Content Standards

We can give this reference, because it is our method www.culture.fr/documentation/joconde/methode.htm

The data content standards is a new preoccupation, and actually there is a reflection about the content of authority metadata with different partners (Archive, Library, DMF, ...) organised by the AFNOR (AFNOR CG 46 CN 357). For the moment we can not answer to this question

3.1.2.2 Metadata Standards for Resource Discovery and Interoperability

No information is available for these standards in France.

3.1.3 Bibliographic Description Standards
'The International Standard Bibliographic Description, ISBD, formal standard is the most suitable and widespread reference specification currently available for bibliographic description'.
European Commission Memorandum of Understanding: Multi-media access to Europe's Cultural Heritage, final report of Working Group 1: Standards and Protocols for Interoperability of Systems.

Standard		No of Museums	No of Resources	Figures are:
ISBD(A)	Older Monographic Publications (Antiquarian)	[?]	[?]	Unknown
ISBD(CM)	Cartographic Material	[?]	[?]	Unknown
ISBD(EP)	Electronic Publications	[?]	[?]	Unknown
ISBD(M)	Monographic Publications	[?]	[?]	Unknown
ISBD(NBM)	Non Book Materials	[?]	[?]	Unknown
ISBD(PM)	Printed Music	[?]	[?]	Unknown
ISBD(S)	Serials	[?]	[?]	Unknown

Estimated/Unknown:

It is necessary to distinguish the use of the bibliographic description standards. When it is for the documentation, the museums follow exactely the national standard (UNIMARC). The bibliographic description in the museums database it is simplified.

Please also indicate if the either or both of the following are in use in your country for bibliographic description:

Standard		No of Museums	No of Resources	Figures are:
MARC Format	Machine Readable Cataloguing	[?]	[?]	Unknown
AACR2	Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules	[?]	[?]	Unknown

Estimated/Unknown:

3.1.4 Archive Description Standards
The International Standards of Archival Description, ISAD(G), is a formal standard issued by ICA (International Council of Archives). It provides general rules for archival description.

Information not available

3.2 Technological Standards and Protocols

3.2.1 Data Presentation and Encoding Standards

The software MISTRAL (BULL) used by the Ministry of Culture and Communication has the possibility to create different kinds of interfaces, especially for HTML pages for our Web databases. For the moment, the use of SGML and XML documents are in test.

3.2.2 Image Format Standards
Image format standards define ways of capturing, storing and compressing digital images.

The standard in France is to digitise using jpg at 72 dpi.

3.2.3 Searching Distributed Databases

The software MISTRAL (BULL) is not capable of being Z39..50 enabled

3.2.4 Protection of Intellectual Property

In France, the legal text is the "Code de la propriété intellectuelle" loi n° 92-597 du 1er juillet 1992. The protection of digital data is an important reflection for the Ministry of Culture and Communication but for the moment we can not answer to question.

i. Submitted by:	Philippe Avenier
ii. Job title:	Chef du bureau de l'informatique et de la recherche
iii. Organisation:	Direction des musées de France, Bureau informatique et recherche
iv. E-mail	philippe.avenier@culture.gouv.fr
v. Date Submitted:	27/06/2000

Funded by the European Commission - DGX - Raphaël Programme